Abstract

Although communities in the Third World may understand the causal relationship between contaminated water, incorrect sanitation and unhygienic conditions, changing their poor environmental conditions is sometimes prevented by the lack of appropriate technologies. In response to such a situation in Panama, researchers are experimenting with windpumps and composting latrines. This project will evaluate the technical performance and social acceptability of a locally designed windpump system for potable water, and two models of compost-producing latrines. Researchers will also monitor community reaction; and determine whether the systems can be easily operated and maintained by community members.

Post-Project Summary

The research was carried out by a multidisciplinary team including professionals from the fields of architecture, biology, microbiology, mechanical engineering, environmental health, and sanitary engineering. Seven Clivus Multrum and five dry composting latrines were installed in 4 communities and monitored by means of visits at approximately monthly intervals. As problems were encountered, researchers and users worked together to solve them. The five composting toilets functioned well, each producing approximately 550 lbs. per year of fertilizer appropriate for use in raising vegetables. Three of the Clivus Multrum functioned well while three did not; the material produced was not deemed safe for agricultural use due to the presence of parasites. Four of the Clivus were replaced by composting toilets and one was abandoned. Only two windmills, and none of the handpumps, were installed and evaluated during the project period due to delays occasioned by political and social problems. The project results were presented to Ministry of Health personnel at a seminar-workshop in June 1990.

Recipient Institution(s)